The power consumption of a NAS varies by model and usage. However, generally speaking, the power consumption of a NAS is not too high and is much lower than that of a traditional desktop computer or server. When a NAS is in operation, the main power consuming parts are the hard disks and the CPU, most NAS CPUs are low-power, while the power consumption of the hard disks depends on the specifications and number of the disks themselves.
To minimize the power consumption of a NAS, you can set the sleep mode to allow the NAS to go to sleep after a certain period of inactivity, thus saving energy. Some NASes also offer power management features that can automatically turn them on and off at specific times to further reduce power consumption.